(1. 大連理工大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，大連 116024；
2. 寶鋼股份有限公司 設(shè)備研究所，上海 201900)
摘 要: 建立描述不同磁場(chǎng)攪拌模式下的三維有限元模型，對(duì)比研究勵(lì)磁電流、攪拌頻率、攪拌器空間位置對(duì)磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度和電磁力的影響規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明：磁場(chǎng)模擬結(jié)果與實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)吻合良好，磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度隨勵(lì)磁電流的增加呈線性增加；隨攪拌頻率的增加遞減，磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度沿中心軸線的分布表現(xiàn)為“中間大兩頭小”的特點(diǎn)，在徑向鑄坯邊緣處最大，向中心逐漸衰減。電磁力隨勵(lì)磁電流和攪拌頻率的增加而增大，中心軸線上底部電磁力值最大，并沿著軸線方向向上逐漸衰減；半徑方向上邊緣處的電磁力最大，向鑄坯心部方向有小幅度的衰減。不同磁場(chǎng)作用下的計(jì)算結(jié)果表明：攪拌參數(shù)相同時(shí)，螺旋磁場(chǎng)具有更強(qiáng)的磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度和電磁力，引起金屬熔體沿徑向和軸向上更大范圍的流動(dòng)，更有利于改善合金成分分布和凝固組織。
關(guān)鍵字: 螺旋磁場(chǎng)；電磁攪拌；有限元分析；數(shù)值模擬；電磁力
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;
2. Equipment Institute, Baoshan Iron and Steel Company Limited, Shanghai 201900, China）
Abstract:A new three-dimensional finite element model describing the electromagnetic field distribution in the new-type multi-functional electromagnetic stirrer with different magnetic fields was developed. The influences of the exciting current, stirring frequency and space position of the stirrer on the magnetic induction intensity and electromagnetic force were analyzed. The results show that the simulated magnetic field in the mold is in good agreement with the measured data in the real stirrer. The magnetic induction intensity increases linearly with increasing the exciting current, and decreases with increasing the current frequency. On the same height of mold, the magnetic induction intensity gradually increases from the center to the wall of mold and reaches its maximum in the middle position of the stirrer and becomes smaller towards the end of the mold. The electromagnetic force increases with the increase of the exciting current and the stirring frequency. And the electromagnetic force reaches the maximum value in the bottom and gradually attenuates from the bottom to the top along the axial direction. And along the radial direction, the electromagnetic force slightly decreases toward the center of the ingot. The calculation results under different magnetic fields show that, the spiral magnetic field has stronger magnetic induction intensity and electromagnetic force at the same stirring parameters, which causes intensive flow in a larger zone of the molten metal along the radial and axial direction, thus promotes the formation of ellipsoidal or equiaxed grains and reduces the macrosegregation.
Key words: spiral magnetic field; electromagnetic stirring; finite element analysis; numerical simulation; electromagnetic force
