(1. 廣東邦普循環(huán)科技有限公司，佛山 528244；
2. 中國汽車技術研究中心，天津 300300)
摘 要: 近年來，作為高能汽車動力電池的鎳氫電池和鋰離子電池憑借其能量密度高、充放電速度快、循環(huán)壽命長以及無污染等優(yōu)點得到快速發(fā)展。但經(jīng)過數(shù)百至上千次的循環(huán)充放電后其容量下降并最終報廢，從保護環(huán)境、節(jié)約自然資源角度看，回收電池再利用成為必然。作者總結了近年來國內(nèi)外回收利用鋰離子電池和鎳氫電池的方法，包括濕法工藝、火法工藝和聯(lián)合工藝等，并對各工藝作出了評價；概述了研究現(xiàn)狀中存在的二次污染、安全性問題與解決方法和回收制備產(chǎn)物的種類，為中國未來動力電池回收利用奠定基礎。
關鍵字: 動力電池；回收利用；分離；濕法冶金；火法冶金
（1. Guangdong Brunp Recycling Technology Co., Ltd., Foshan 528244, China;
2. China Automotive Technology & Research Center, Tianjin 300300, China）
Abstract:Recently, Ni-MH battery and lithium ion battery as high-energy vehicle power batteries have been developed rapidly for some advantages, such as high energy density, fast process of charge and discharge, long cycle life, non-pollution. However, the battery capacity decreases after hundreds of charge-discharge cycles, which finally leads to the battery scrap. From the view of environmental protection, natural resources conservation and lower the cost, the battery recycling is necessary. The authors summarized the methods of Ni-MH battery and lithium ion battery recycling in domestic and foreign researches, including the hydrometallurgical processing method, pyrometallurgical processing method and combined processing method, and each method was evaluated. And then an overview was given about secondary pollution, security problems and solutions in the existing methods, which lays a foundation for future recycling of traction battery in China.
Key words: power battery; recycling; separation; hydrometallurgy; pyrometallurgy
