(中南大學(xué) 冶金與環(huán)境學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 以升華硫粉為原料，采用液相沉積法在水溶液體系下制備納米硫材料。采用激光粒度分析儀和掃描電鏡，對納米硫的合成條件進(jìn)行分析與優(yōu)化；通過恒流充放電測試、電化學(xué)阻抗分析等方法對所制備納米硫的電化學(xué)性能進(jìn)行表征。結(jié)果表明：在以甲酸為沉淀劑、PEG-400為分散劑、多硫化鈉溶液濃度為0.2 mol/L的合成條件下，可制備出粒徑范圍為50~80 nm、平均粒徑約65 nm且分散性較好的類球形納米硫材料。基于該納米硫組裝的鋰/硫電池在0.054 mA/cm2電流密度下，首次放電比容量達(dá)1 050 mA？h/g，經(jīng)10次循環(huán)后，放電容量仍可保持初始容量的70%左右(700 mA？h/g)。本方法工藝簡單、操作方便、成本低廉，適合鋰/硫電池用納米硫材料的工業(yè)化制備。
關(guān)鍵字: 納米硫；鋰/硫電池；液相沉積法
（School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Sulfur nanomaterial was prepared in aqueous solution by liquid phase precipitation method with sublimed sulfur as the raw material. The synthesis conditions of the material were analyzed and optimized by laser size analysis device (LSA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical performances of the materials were studied by charge-discharge test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that spherical sulfur nanomaterial with good dispersion is synthesized under the condition of using formic acid as the precipitant, PEG-400 as the dispersant and 0.2 mol/L sodium polysulfide solution. The range and average value of particle size are about 50-80 nm and about 65 nm, respectively. Also, the initial specific capacity of the Li/S battery assembled of sulfur nanomaterial can reach 1 050 mA？h/g at a current density of 0.054 mA/cm2, and the discharge capacity retains 70% (700 mA？h/g) of the initial capacity after 10 cycles. This method is simple and low cost to prepare sulfur nanomaterial used in lithium sulfur batteries.
Key words: sulfur nanomaterial; Li/S battery; liquid phase precipitation method
