(北京科技大學(xué) 機械工程學(xué)院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 針對目前金屬鎂熱還原工序中人工裝出料的現(xiàn)狀，提出采用無軸螺旋體作為罐內(nèi)執(zhí)行機構(gòu)的機械裝出料方式。通過理論設(shè)計計算確定螺旋體的結(jié)構(gòu)、尺寸和運動參數(shù)，采用ANSYS有限元分析螺旋體的整體彎曲和扭轉(zhuǎn)性能，以保證機構(gòu)設(shè)計參數(shù)合理并具有良好的機械性能。研究表明：通過對葉片截面溫度場的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，葉片在工作時間內(nèi)的溫升在材料的允許范圍內(nèi)，驗證所選葉片材質(zhì)的合理性；通過對螺旋體的應(yīng)力分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)自由端葉片和螺旋內(nèi)徑處為薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，提出螺旋體自由端的縮徑結(jié)構(gòu)和外窄內(nèi)寬的梯形葉片截面。采用本機構(gòu)進行機械化裝出料，可將裝出料時間由2 h縮短為15 min，大大縮短熱還原工序的時間，具有實際推廣和應(yīng)用價值。
關(guān)鍵字: 鎂熱還原；高溫裝出料；機械化；無軸螺旋
（School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:In traditional thermal reduction process of magnesium, charging and discharging were carried out in manual operation. Based on this, the screw structure without shaft was proposed as the actuator inside the reduction jar. The corresponding structure sizes and motion parameters were determined by theoretical calculation. The bending and torsion stress were analyzed by the finite element analysis of ANSYS software, which can guarantee feasible parameters designed and good mechanical property of the structure. By analyzing the temperature distribution of blade section, the temperature changes of blade during the working time are in the range of material allowed, which proves that the blade material is available. The blades at free end and at inner periphery are weak by the stress analysis. Therefore, a diameter shrinkage structure at free end and blade with trapezoid cross section are presented. The results show that, by applying the screw structure without shaft, the time for charging and discharging is shortened from traditional 2 h to 15 min, which shows the designed structure with practical value is worth popularizing.
Key words: thermal reduction of magnesium; high-temperature charging and discharging; mechanization; screw structure without shaft
