(1. 湖南大學(xué) 汽車車身先進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)制造國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，長沙 410082；
2. 湖南大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長沙 410082；3. 深圳大學(xué) 機(jī)電與控制工程學(xué)院，深圳 518060)
摘 要: 將Al-Mg-Si合金型材在180 ℃條件下分別時(shí)效30~540 min，采用WAW-E600型微機(jī)控制電液伺服萬能試驗(yàn)機(jī)研究不同時(shí)效狀態(tài)的鋁合金型材在準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)壓縮條件下的變形模式與吸能性能。結(jié)果表明：隨時(shí)效時(shí)間的延長，Al-Mg-Si型材的壓縮變形模式由金剛石模式逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槭诛L(fēng)琴模式，型材吸能性能提高；在180 ℃時(shí)效540 min時(shí)，型材變形完全轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槭诛L(fēng)琴模式，其吸能性能較未時(shí)效型材的提高99%。通過在型材上端側(cè)壁開孔可降低第一峰值載荷7%~12%，并影響型材的變形模式，開孔后型材變形模式均為混合模式或手風(fēng)琴模式，該轉(zhuǎn)變提高了型材變形的穩(wěn)定性。對于原變形模式為金剛石模式的試樣，開設(shè)誘導(dǎo)孔后，試樣變形名義載荷增加，吸能性能提高；原變形模式為混合模式與手風(fēng)琴模式的試樣，開設(shè)誘導(dǎo)孔后，吸能性能降低。
關(guān)鍵字: Al-Mg-Si型材；時(shí)效；誘導(dǎo)孔；準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)壓縮；變形模式；吸能性能
（1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body, Hunan University,
Changsha 410082, China;
2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
3. College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China）
Abstract:The deformation modes and energy absorption capacity of Al-Mg-Si profiles under quasi-static axial compression were studied by WAW-E600 microcomputer controlled electric-hydraulic servo universal testing machine. The Al-Mg-Si profiles were respectively aged at 180 ℃ from 30 min to 540 min. The results indicate that the deformation mode of the aluminum extrusions is gradually changed from diamond mode to concertina mode and the energy absorption of the extrusions increases with increasing aging time. When aged at 180 ℃ for 540 min, the deformation mode is completely transformed into concertina mode and the energy absorption increases by 99% compared with that of the unaged alloy. Drilling holes on the sidewalls near the upper end of the profiles can decrease the peak load by about 7%~12% and change the deformation mode into mixed mode or concertina mode, which improves the stability of sample during deformation. As to samples with diamond mode before drilling holes, the mean load of the samples during deformation increases and the energy absorption are improved after drilling induced holes. On the contrary, the energy absorption of the samples with mixed mode or concertina mode reduces after drilling holes.
Key words: Al-Mg-Si profiles; aging; induced hole; quasi-static compression; deformation mode; energy absorption capacity
