(1. 西北有色金屬研究院, 西安 710016;
2. 重慶大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，重慶 400030;
3. 燕山大學(xué) 亞穩(wěn)材料制備技術(shù)與科學(xué)國家重點實驗室，秦皇島 066004)
摘 要: 在宏觀尺度上制造出具有納米結(jié)構(gòu)和納米效應(yīng)的高性能金屬材料，并揭示這些材料的組織演化特征以實現(xiàn)功能調(diào)控，是金屬材料學(xué)科面臨的重大科學(xué)問題和需要解決的核心關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。闡述金屬納米材料界面、尺度與材料塑變、強化關(guān)系的主要研究進展，重點介紹宏觀尺寸制備金屬納米復(fù)合材料、納米尺度下經(jīng)典Hall-Petch關(guān)系和復(fù)合材料混合定律的適用性、界面特征和尺度效應(yīng)對材料微觀結(jié)構(gòu)、力學(xué)性能以及物理特性等的影響，指出面向應(yīng)用的高性能金屬納米復(fù)合材料的發(fā)展趨勢。
關(guān)鍵字: 金屬納米材料；復(fù)合材料；界面；尺度效應(yīng)
XU Xiao-yan1, LIU Qing2, LIU Zhong-yuan
（1. Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi’an 710016, China;
2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University,
Qinhuangdao 066004, China）
Abstract:The macro scale fabrication of high performance metals with nano-structure and nano effect and the revelation of the characteristic of microstructure evolution to the functional regulation are the major scientific problems and the core key technologies in metal materials field. The correlations among interface, size effects and plastic deformation, strengthen of metallic nano-materials were predominately reviewed. The emphasis was placed on the recent progress of the metal nano-composites fabricated in the macro scale, the applicability of the classic Hall-Petch relation and the rule of mixture law, and interface and size effects on the microstructure, mechanical properties and physical properties of metal nano-composites. The developmental trends of high performance metal nano-composites for the applications were proposed.
Key words: metal nano-materials; composites; interface; size effect
