地球化學(xué)特征及其噴流成礦作用
(1. 中南大學(xué) 有色金屬成礦預(yù)測教育部重點實驗室，長沙 410083；
2. 中南大學(xué) 地球科學(xué)與信息物理學(xué)院，長沙 410083；3.九州大學(xué) 工學(xué)府地球資源系，福岡 819-0395)
摘 要: 虎頭崖—肯德可克礦區(qū)地處柴達(dá)木南緣東昆侖祁漫塔格成礦帶中，礦床產(chǎn)出的大地構(gòu)造背景為晚古生代的弧后擴(kuò)張盆地，礦床類型為Sedex型。對虎頭崖—肯德可克礦區(qū)中的虎頭崖鉛鋅礦、肯德可克多金屬礦、北溝鐵礦和景仁銅礦進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場調(diào)查，并對具有代表性的火山巖及礦石進(jìn)行巖礦鑒定、化學(xué)全分析、稀土、微量元素分析及全巖硫同位素分析。結(jié)果表明：礦區(qū)火山巖基本屬于含鉀高的亞堿性系列，總體表現(xiàn)為親弧裂谷特征，火山噴發(fā)噴流成礦作用具有多旋回的特點；礦石稀土元素、微量元素分析說明熱水噴流成礦作用的存在，與Sedex型噴流成礦特征和弧后伸展盆地大地構(gòu)造環(huán)境相符合。虎頭崖—肯德可克礦區(qū)具有如下成礦特點：以層控礦床為主，主要為海西期弧后盆地成礦；具有多個層位成礦、以多元素成礦為主、具有由深源到淺源的成巖成礦作用的演化特征。
關(guān)鍵字: 虎頭崖鉛−鋅礦；肯德可克；祁漫塔格；Sedex型礦床；弧后盆地
Hutouya—Kendekeke field, Qinghai Province, China
（1. Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals, Ministry of Education,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
3. Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan）
Abstract:Hutouya—Kendekeke field is located in the southern margin of the Qaidam, Qimantage ore belt of East Kunlun. The tectonic background of this field is the arc spreading basin in Carboniferous, Late Paleozoic. The Hutouya, Kendekeke and its nearby deposits (such as Jinren and Beigou) were used as the research objects. Based on a large number of references, systematic field investigation and laboratory analysis of rock and mineral geochemistry, the regional geological setting and mineralization conditions of the deposit were focused on, the mineralization law was summed up, and the genesis type was discussed. Through the rock and mineral identification, chemical analysis, REE, trace element analysis and whole-rock sulfur isotope analysis of the representative volcanic rocks and minerals in Hutouya, Kendekeke and its peripheral mine areas, it is found that the volcanic rocks are basically sub-alkaline series with high potassium, with the overall performance of pro-arc rift characteristics; the role of volcanic exhalative mineralization has the characteristics of multi-cycle. The results of REE and trace element analysis of minerals also show that the exhalative mineralization exists, which is consistent with the metallogenic characteristics of Sedex deposit and tectonic environment of back-arc extensional basin. Furthermore, the mineralization characteristics of Hutouya, Kendekeke and its peripheral mine areas are summarized as follows: mainly stratabound deposits, mainly back-arc basin mineralization in Hercynian, with multiple layers forming, multi-element mineralization in the main component and with deep to shallow digenetic mineralization evolution and other features.
Key words: Hutouya Pb-Zn deposit; Kendekeke polymetallic deposit; Qimantage; Sedex deposit; back-arc basin
