(南京工業(yè)大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，南京 210009)
摘 要: 采用自行研制的高真空三槍直流電弧等離子體蒸發(fā)金屬納米粉體連續(xù)制備設(shè)備，通過(guò)控制陰極電流大小制備不同粒徑的超細(xì)鋅粉。利用X射線衍射(XRD)、X射線熒光分析(XRF)、透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)和相應(yīng)的選區(qū)電子衍射(SAED)以及Simple PCI軟件等測(cè)試手段對(duì)樣品的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)、成分、形貌和粒徑分布進(jìn)行表征。結(jié)果表明：等離子體法制備的超細(xì)鋅粉純度(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))高達(dá)99.945%，粒徑分布窄，分散性好，顆粒以球狀為主，夾雜少量六方形態(tài)；超細(xì)鋅粉的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)與塊體材料相同，為六方結(jié)構(gòu)，晶格常數(shù)略有收縮；當(dāng)其他參數(shù)恒定，工作電流從150 A增加到300 A時(shí)，超細(xì)鋅粉的平均粒徑從165 nm增加到596 nm，產(chǎn)率從2 258.55 g/h提高到 7 027.20 g/h。
關(guān)鍵字: 超細(xì)鋅粉；直流電弧等離子體蒸發(fā)；微觀結(jié)構(gòu)
DC arc plasma evaporation method
（College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, China）
Abstract:The various particle sized ultrafine zinc powders were prepared by controlling the cathode current of self-designed fabricated high-vacuum three-electrode DC arc plasma production apparatus. The crystalline structure, chemical composition, morphology, and particle size distribution of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), X-ray fluorescence analysis(XRF), transmission electron microscopy(TEM),selected area electron diffraction(SAED) and simple PCI software. The results indicate that the prepared ultrafine zinc powders have uniform size, high purity (mass fraction) of 99.945%, narrow size distribution, spherical mainly and some hexagonal shape, and the crystal structure of the samples is the same as that of the bulk materials, hexagonal crystal structure, a slight Shrinkage in the lattice parameter. The average diameters and productivity of ultrafine zinc powders increase from 165 nm to 596 nm and from 2 258.55 g/h to 7 027.20 g/h, respectively, when the current is raised from 150A to 300A with other parameters constant.
Key words: ultrafine zinc powders; DC arc plasma evaporation; microstructure
