(中南大學 冶金科學與工程學院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用熔鹽化學法在Al基體表面直接鍍制Pb及其合金，并對其工藝條件進行優(yōu)化。結果表明：熔體過熱度對鍍層與基體結合力的影響程度較基體浸入時間的大。隨著過熱度的升高，結合強度先迅速增大，在60 ℃之后變化不明顯。在熔鹽過熱度為60 ℃，基體浸入時間2.5 min時，鍍層與基體具有較好的結合強度(0.76 MPa)。往熔鹽中加入適量的輔鹽SnCl2可以促進Pb-Al-Sn三元合金的形成，并將鍍層與基體的結合強度提高到2.1 MPa以上。在化學鍍之后增加金屬浴工序，可修補鍍層在化學鍍工序中形成的孔洞，在Al表面獲得致密無孔、成分可調的Pb基合金鍍層。
關鍵字: 熔鹽；化學鍍；Al基體；Pb鍍層；結合強度；金屬浴
（School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Pb and its alloy film were prepared on the Al substrate in molten salt by electroless plating directly, and the procedure was improved. The results show that the superheat of molten salt has greater effect on the combination strength between the film and substrate than dipping time of substrate. With the increase of the superheat, the combination strength increases fast firstly. While the superheat is higher than 60 ℃, the superheat has little effect on it. The film and substrate combined well when the superheat of molten salt and the dipping time of substrate are 60 ℃ and 2.5 min, respectively. The addition of auxiliary salt SnCl2 in molten salt can promote the interdiffusion of Al, Pb and Sn on the interface, and the combination strength can exceed 2.1 MPa. The metal bath procedure after electroless plating can mend the holes of the film, and a compact and composition adjustable Pb alloy film can be obtained on Al substrate.
Key words: molten salt; electroless plating; Al substrate; Pb film; combination strength; metal bath
