(1. 中南大學(xué) 資源加工與生物工程學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083；
2. 四川鑫源礦業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司，成都 610000；
3. 中南大學(xué) 化學(xué)化工學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083；
4. 中國(guó)恩菲工程技術(shù)有限公司，北京 100038)
摘 要: 通過(guò)對(duì)呷村銅鉛鋅銀多金屬混合精礦的礦物分析可知，鉛、鋅主要賦存于方鉛礦、閃鋅礦中，而大部分銅、銀均為難浸出的黝銅礦所載。采用兩段逆流氧壓浸出工藝進(jìn)行處理該礦，條件試驗(yàn)研究得出一、二段最佳浸出條件分別為硫酸濃度150 g/L、液固比3׃1、反應(yīng)溫度135 ℃、氧分壓0.75 MPa、浸出時(shí)間2.0 h；硫酸濃度80 g/L、液固比3׃1、反應(yīng)溫度180 ℃、氧分壓1.0 MPa、浸出時(shí)間2.5 h。9輪擴(kuò)大驗(yàn)證循環(huán)浸出試驗(yàn)運(yùn)行順利，Cu和Zn的平均兩段總浸出率分別為 93.23%和99.47%，而雜質(zhì)元素Fe和As的浸出率僅15.77%和6.9%, 元素硫的硫磺轉(zhuǎn)化率為54.26%。Pb和Ag大部分轉(zhuǎn)化為鉛礬、鉛鐵礬和硫化銀而留在浸出渣中，銅鋅與鉛銀徹底分離。
關(guān)鍵字: 多金屬混合精礦；氧壓浸出；兩段逆流；黝銅礦
complex Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag bulk concentrate
（1. School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Sichuan Xinyuan Mining Limited Liability Company, Chengdu 610000, China;
3. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
4. Enfei Engineering Technology Limited Company, Beijing 100038, China）
Abstract:By mineralogical analysis, the primary lead and zinc minerals in the complex Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag bulk concentrate are separately galena and sphalerite. While the primary copper mineral of the concentrate and most of silver indwell in the tetrahedrite is difficult to be leached. The treatment of the complex Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag bulk concentrate by a two-stage adverse current oxygen pressure acid leaching was studied. The optimum process operating parameters of the initial sulfuric acid concentration 150 g/L, the first stage that liquid-to-solid ratio of 3, temperature of 135 ℃, oxygen partial pressure of 0.75 MPa and time of 2.0 h, and the initial sulfuric acid concentration of 80 g/L, the optimum parameters of the second stage that liquid-to-solid ratio of 3, temperature of 180 ℃, oxygen partial pressure of 1.0 MPa and time of 2.5 h were both established by conditional experiments. The enlarged verification experiment was carried out under the optimum conditions, and the average leaching efficiencies of copper and zinc are separately as high as 93.23% and 99.47% in the experiment while the average leaching efficiencies of Fe and As as impurities are only 15.77% and 6.9%, respectively. The lead and silver stayed in residue in the main forms of sulfate and sulfide separately after the leaching, so the lead and silver are separated with copper and zinc completely.
Key words: complex multimetal bulk concentrate; oxygen pressure acid leaching; two stage adverse current; tetrahedrite
