(1. 中國科學(xué)院過程工程研究所 濕法冶金清潔生產(chǎn)技術(shù)國家工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室 生化工程國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，
北京 100190
2. 國家安全監(jiān)管總局信息研究院，北京 100029)
摘 要: 分別采用嗜酸氧化亞鐵硫桿菌(At.f)、嗜酸氧化硫硫桿菌(At.t)以及中度嗜熱西伯利亞硫桿菌(S.s)對雌黃進(jìn)行浸出。結(jié)果表明：嗜酸氧化硫硫桿菌浸出雌黃的效果較好，浸出過程是細(xì)菌直接與礦物作用；中溫菌浸出雌黃則主要通過將Fe2+氧化成Fe3+，再由Fe3+氧化溶解礦物，浸出后期在礦物表面生成覆蓋層；嗜酸氧化亞鐵硫桿菌很難在雌黃礦漿中生長；添加適量表面活性劑Tween-80能有效改善礦物表面潤濕性，促進(jìn)Fe3+對砷的浸出，但對細(xì)菌生長會(huì)造成影響，抑制細(xì)菌直接浸出。
關(guān)鍵字: 雌黃；生物浸出；常溫菌；中溫菌；表面活性劑
（1.National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2. National Institute of Occupational Safety, Beijing 100029, China）
Abstract:The orpiment was bioleached with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans(At.f), Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans(At.t) and Sulfobacillus sibiricu(S.s) in batch experiments. The results show that the orpiment can be leached with T.t and S.s, but At.f can not grow in the slurry. At.t and S.s show different mechanisms during the bioleaching of orpiment. In the At.t bioleaching, the dissolution of orpiment is mainly caused by the bacteria attached onto the mineral surface. In the S.s bioleaching, the orpiment is dissolved by Fe3+ that is generated by the bacterial oxidation of Fe2+, and the mineral surface is covered by precipitation during the later stage of the leaching process. The addition of surfactant Tween−80 can enhance the Fe3+ leaching by improving the hydrophilicity of minerals, but inhibit the direct bacterial oxidation of orpiment.
Key words: orpiment; bioleaching; mesophilic bacteria; moderately thermophilic bacteria; surfactant
