(中南大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 以RuCl3·3H2O水溶液為電沉積液，采用直流−示差脈沖組合電沉積技術(shù)，通過后續(xù)熱處理工藝制備超級電容器用鉭基RuO2·nH2O薄膜電極材料。用X射線衍射儀 (XRD)、紅外光譜儀 (FTIR)、差熱分析儀 (DTA)、掃描電鏡 (SEM)和電化學(xué)分析儀，研究前驅(qū)體RuCl3·cH2O轉(zhuǎn)化為RuO2·nH2O的物相演變行為以及微觀組織形貌和循環(huán)伏安性能。結(jié)果表明：隨著熱處理溫度升高，前驅(qū)體RuCl3·cH2O通過4步反應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)變成RuO2·nH2O薄膜；該薄膜經(jīng)歷從無定形向晶體結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)變。經(jīng)300 ℃熱處理的RuO2·nH2O薄膜電極材料的單位面積質(zhì)量為2.5 mg/cm2，比電容達到512 F/g；當(dāng)電壓掃描速率從5 mV/s增加到250 mV/s 時，其比電容下降34%。
關(guān)鍵字: 水合氧化釕；薄膜材料；熱處理；超級電容器；物相演變
（School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:As a good electrode material for supercapacitor, RuO2·nH2O film was deposited on tantalum foils in aqueous solution of RuCl3·3H2O by galvanostatic-differential pulse voltammetry and heat treatment. The phase transition, surface morphology and cyclic voltammetric performance from precursor RuCl3·cH2O to amorphous and crystalline RuO2·nH2O of the developed film were studied with X-ray diffractometer (XRD), infrared spectrometer (FTIR), differential thermal analyzer (DTA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electrochemical analyzer, respectively. The results show that the precursor RuCl3·3H2O film transforms into RuO2·nH2O through four reactions, including one from amorphous to crystal phase change with the increase of temperature. After being heat treated at 300 ℃, surface mass of the RuO2·nH2O film electrode material is 2.5 mg/cm2 with a specific capacitance of 512 F/g. The specific capacitance of the RuO2·nH2O film decreases by 38% when the voltage scan rate increases from 5 mV/s to 250 mV/s.
Key words: RuO2·nH2O; film material; heat treatment; supercapacitor; phase evolution
