(北京有色金屬研究總院，北京100088)
摘 要: 合金中Ni和Mn的各自含量不低于15%，另加少量的Al和Ti。中頻或高頻爐熔煉，石墨鉗鍋，熔煉溫度1250~1350℃，澆注溫度1100~1200 ℃，800~850℃熱軋，650~700℃中間退火，冷加工率達(dá)80%。淬火溫度650℃，時(shí)效溫度400~450℃。最佳性能σb= 1470 M Pa，σ0.2= 1372 M Pa，HV= 480，δ≥2%，E=153 GPa，ρ= 54 X 10-6Ω·cm。在400℃溫度下。σb=1000 M Pa，σ0.2= 882 M Pa，E = 143GPa，δ≥2%。彈性后效小于鈹銅QBe2。時(shí)效時(shí)進(jìn)行“Spinodal”分解，形成調(diào)幅結(jié)構(gòu)。經(jīng)定量分析，析出是屬于原子由低濃度區(qū)間向高濃度區(qū)間的上坡擴(kuò)散過程。因此，析出相難以聚集長大，故不易產(chǎn)生過時(shí)效，解釋合金耐高溫工作的機(jī)理。
關(guān)鍵字: 銅合金 錳白銅 彈性材料 熱處理強(qiáng)化合金 高溫合金
（Beijing General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing100088）
Abstract:Cu-20Ni-20Mn alloy,as a new kind of Cu-based elastic material,has just been studied and successfully manufactured. The alloy has better properties improved by the addition of Al, Ti, Zr, Zn elements etc.The content of Ni is not less than 15%, that of Mn not less than 15%,and the ratio of Ni to Mn is not less than 0.75. The alloy were melted at 1 200~1 350℃in median frequecy induction furnace and cast at 1100~1200℃.The ingots were hot rolled at 800~850℃and then annealed at 650~700℃.The cold rolling rate was 80%. After quenching (650℃)and aging (400~450℃),the properties of the alloys were tested:σb=1 274~1 470 MPa,σ0.2=1176~1372 MPa,E=137~153 GPa,δ≥2%,HV=400~500,ρ≥54×10-6Ω·cm;andσb=1 000 MPa,σ0.2=882 MPa,E=143 GPa,δ≥2%, under high temperature(400℃).The elasticity is less than that of Be-brozen. All other properties are higher than those of Be-brozen except theρvalue,and it can be used at 400℃.By using TEM,the microsturctures were studied and the results showed that the spinodal decomposition could take place and the modulated structure was formed.Due to this upward diffusion decomposition,it is difficult for the precipitation to coarsen.Therefore the overaging phenomenon was not easy to take place in this alloy and the mechanism of the alloy applicable at high temperature can be explained satisfactorily.
Key words: elastic Cu-based alloy copper high temperature alloy manganese white alloy elastic materials
