(石家莊鐵道學(xué)院機(jī)械工程系，石家莊050043)
摘 要: 為了解決關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)螺栓組的載荷不均和超載斷裂問題，利用NiTi合金的壓縮擬彈性功能，設(shè)計(jì)了一種智能傳力墊，分析了其調(diào)節(jié)載荷的功能特性，并在內(nèi)燃機(jī)車上進(jìn)行了實(shí)際應(yīng)用與測試。結(jié)果表明：NiTi合金智能傳力墊可以使螺栓組各螺栓間的受力不均勻度得到調(diào)整，動(dòng)載荷降低。因而，具有良好的自動(dòng)均載限載防斷功能，可以大幅度提高螺栓連接的安全性和可靠性。
關(guān)鍵字: NiTi合金；螺栓聯(lián)接；智能傳力墊
（Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shijiazhuang Railway Institute, Shijiazhuang 050043, P.R.China）
Abstract:In order to avoid the non-uniform load and the breakdown of a set of bolts in key joining construction, an intelligent washer was designed taking advantage of the compression pseudo-elasticity of NiTi alloy, and the f unction of adjusting load of intelligent washer was analyzed. The results of test in locomotive showed that NiTi alloy intelligent washer can share alike the load between the bolts, and reduce the dynamic stress of bolts. It has good function of auto-even load and anti-breakage. So it can improve the safety and reliability of bolt joined construction.
Key words: NiTi alloy; bolt joining; intelligent washer
