腐蝕性及材料因素影響的規(guī)律
(北京有色金屬研究總院， 北京 100088)
摘 要: 通過鋁鎂合金在我國青島、 廈門、 榆林各海域海水經(jīng)16a及短期海水的腐蝕實驗結(jié)果， 分析了我國海域海水腐蝕行為的主要規(guī)律： 廈門海域的海水對鋁鎂系防銹鋁合金構(gòu)成相對苛刻的腐蝕環(huán)境。不同防銹鋁合金的耐蝕性能不同， 且其腐蝕行為與不同的海水環(huán)境因素密切相關(guān)， 使用不同的防銹鋁合金來評定各海域海水腐蝕性， 所得的排序不同。 合金不同表面狀態(tài)對海水腐蝕行為的影響依海域及合金而異，在腐蝕性較強的海水中， 不同濃度酸洗狀態(tài)帶來的腐蝕行為差異可被逐步加大， 但對不同海域海水腐蝕性的評定未構(gòu)成大的影響。 原始出廠態(tài)的耐蝕性能受合金類型及其原始表面膜質(zhì)量的影響，其用于評定海水腐蝕性會比酸洗態(tài)帶來更多不確定因素。 雜質(zhì)等缺陷的存在增大了點蝕發(fā)生的隨機(jī)性, 也給腐蝕性的評定帶來一定的干擾。
關(guān)鍵字: 海水腐蝕性； 防銹鋁合金； 表面狀態(tài)； 點蝕深度
by material factors
（General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China）
Abstract:Two Al-Mg alloys were immersed into seawater in Qingdao, Xiamen and Yulin sea areas for long term and shorter term. The results show that the corrosivity of seawater in Xiamen sea area to Al-Mg alloys is relatively serious. Different results can be obtained using the corrosivity evaluation of seawater to different Al-Mg alloys because the corrosion resistance of the alloys is different each other and their corrosion behaviors are sensitive to different seawater environment factors. The influence of alloy surface conditions on the corrosivity of seawater changes with different sea areas and alloys, and the difference of corrosion behaviors can be increased gradually. But this does not influence the corrosivity evaluation of seawaters too much. The alloy defects increase the randomness of pitting occurring and interference to the corrosivity evaluation.
Key words: seawater corrosivity; Al-Mg alloys; surface conditions; pitting depth
