(1. 西安交通大學(xué) 材料強度國家重點實驗室, 西安 710049；
2. 空軍工程大學(xué) 工程學(xué)院, 西安 710038)
摘 要: 利用旋轉(zhuǎn)圓盤裝置研究了Ti3Al基合金Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo的空蝕行為， 并用洛氏硬度儀模擬空蝕過程中微射流所產(chǎn)生的局部載荷對Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo合金的作用， 測量了壓頭加載過程中該合金吸收的總能量和彈性變形能（選擇我國水利機械常用0Cr13Ni5Mo馬氏體不銹鋼作對比材料）。結(jié)果表明： Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo合金的抗空蝕性能優(yōu)于0Cr13Ni5Mo不銹鋼， 空蝕40h后前者的累積體積損失量僅為0.551mm3， 而后者的累積體積損失量達到2.615mm3；在局部載荷作用下， Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo合金不僅有較高的加工硬化能力，而且有較好的彈性性能； 在壓痕試驗中其彈性變形能在總變形能量中所占比例達到1/3。這些性能特點使Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo合金在空蝕過程中能吸收和釋放較多的沖擊能量，延緩裂紋形成， 減少體積損失， 呈現(xiàn)良好的抗空蝕性能。
關(guān)鍵字: 空蝕； Ti3Al基合金； 能量； 加工硬化
（1. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,
Xi＇an Jiaotong University, Xi＇an 710049, China；
2. Engineering Institute, Air Force Engineering University,
Xi＇an 710038, China）
Abstract:The cavitation erosion of Ti3Al-based alloy Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo was investigated by using rotating disc equipment. To simulate the effect of the collapse of vapor cavities or bubbles, Rockwell hardness tester was used to exert a load on the small area of Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo alloy, and the total deformation energy and elastic deformation energy of the test material were determined. Martensitic stainless steel 0Cr13Ni5Mo was chosen for comparison. The results show that the cavitation erosion resistance of the Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo alloy is better than that of the 0Cr13Ni5Mo stainless steel. After 40h of exposure to cavitation erosion, the cumulative volume loss of the former is only 0.551mm3, while that of the latter is 2.615mm3. Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo alloy has good work-hardening ability and elasticity. Its elastic deformation energy approaches 1/3 of the total deformation energy in indentation test. All these characteristics make it absorb and relieve more impact energy in cavitation erosion, thus reducing volume loss, and showing excellent cavitation erosion resistance.
Key words: cavitation erosion; Ti3Al-based alloy; energy; work-hardening a
