(1. 中南大學(xué) 粉末冶金國家重點實驗室，長沙 410083；
2. Bioengineering Unit，Strathclyde University，
Glasgow G4 ONW， UK)
摘 要: 利用細胞生物學(xué)技術(shù)從定量和定性兩個方面探討了Cr(Ⅲ)，Cr(Ⅵ)，Ni，Al，Ag和V金屬離子對生命組織的毒性作用。研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)，Cr(Ⅵ)對細胞DNA，RNA合成限 制最為顯著，Ni和V金屬離子在同等水平上妨礙RNA合成，隨著離子濃度增加，Cr(Ⅲ)離子對細胞DNA及RNA限制增大。Al離子對RNA合成限制大于對DNA合成。Ag離子對細胞DNA，RNA合成限制作用相同。細胞谷胱甘肽(GSH)還原能力強，是細胞最重要的解毒物質(zhì)，也是細胞中防御毒性物質(zhì)最關(guān) 鍵的物質(zhì)。細胞GSH還原能力定量分析表明：微量的Cr(Ⅵ)即可導(dǎo)致細胞GSH下降。金屬Ni離子破壞細胞骨架，使細胞內(nèi)信息傳遞受阻，亦表現(xiàn)較強毒性。
關(guān)鍵字: 金屬毒性；DNA和GSH；細胞
（1.State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy，
Central South University，Changsha 410083，China;
2. Bioengineering Unit，Strathclyde University，
Glasgow G4 ONW，UK）
Abstract:By use of cellular biological techniq ues，the poison mechanism of metal ions (Cr(Ⅵ)，Ni，V，Cr(Ⅲ)，Ag，and Al) on livi ng tissue was both quantitatively and qualitatively approached. The re sults show that Cr(Ⅵ) has a notable action on cellular both DNA and RNA synth etic functions. With increasing concentrat ion，the limit action of Cr(Ⅲ)，on DNA，RNA synthetic abilities increases. Di fferent to oth er five metal ions，the limit of Al ion on RNA is greater than that of Al ion on DNA.The limitation of V，Ag ions on DNA is same to that of V,Ag ions on RNA. Glutathione is most important of detoxification in living cells. It is also the most important defensive. Trace Cr(Ⅵ)，in culture medium results in the decreasing of GSH in living tissue. Similar to that，a little higher Ni ion concentration seriously reduces the GSH content in living tissue. It is suggested that Cr(Ⅵ)，Ni should destroy and/or disturb the orientation of the microtubulin in cell skeleton. For other four metalions，together with increasing the concentration in culture medium， the osmotic pressure increases. Consequently，more metal ions entered cell membrane，more GSH were lost in cell.
Key words: metal cytotoxicity; DNA and GSH; cell
