(中國科學(xué)院 化工冶金研究所， 北京 100080)
摘 要: 研究了銅轉(zhuǎn)爐渣的化學(xué)與礦物學(xué)特征。用光學(xué)顯微鏡查明了爐渣各主要渣相為鐵橄欖石、磁鐵礦和無定形玻璃體，銅主要以冰銅相裹夾于渣相中，銅滴的尺度與渣的冷卻歷史有關(guān)。用X射線衍射譜、掃描電子顯微鏡、X射線能譜和X射線波譜及化學(xué)物相分析，對銅和鈷的賦存狀態(tài)及在各相中的分布進(jìn)行了表征和量化。結(jié)果表明，鈷主要以類質(zhì)同象形式取代鐵橄欖石和磁鐵礦晶格中部分Fe2+，作為氧化物富集其中，二者約占鈷總量的95%。渣中鈷的提取需要以鐵橄欖石和磁鐵礦的分解為前提，使鈷的氧化物游離出來而酸溶。
關(guān)鍵字: 銅； 鈷； 轉(zhuǎn)爐渣； 工藝礦物學(xué)
copper converter slag
（Institute of Chemical Metallurgy， Chinese Academy of Sciences，
Beijing 100080, P.R.China）
Abstract: Chemical and mineralogical characteristics of a copper converter slag were investigated using a variety of complementary mineralogical techniques including ore microscopy，X-ray diffractometer (XRD)，SEM-EDX and WDS. Fayalite and magnetite were distinguished as main phases in the slag, and copper was foundto be entrapped in them in the form of matte. Cobalt was concentrated in fayalite and magnetite as solid solution by replacing Fe2+ in their lattices，which necessitated chemical decomposition of these two minerals for recovering cobalt in the slag.
Key words: copper; cobalt; converter slag; process mineralogy
