(中南大學(xué) 資源環(huán)境與建筑工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 視流動場中的散體為弱橫觀各向同性介質(zhì)，推導(dǎo)了 P波、SH波和SV波的相速度表達式，分析了它們在流動散體介質(zhì)中的傳播特點：P波波前為橢圓形或近似橢圓形，SH波波前為橢圓形，SV波波前為非橢圓形。 由波的傳播特點得出在振幅和頻率較小的情況下，振波對散體的流動性影響不大。當(dāng)振幅和頻率逐漸增加時， 橢球體的偏心率減小，散體間的粘性阻力和內(nèi)摩擦力降低，散體的松散系數(shù)增加，抗剪強度降低， 使散體具有更好的流動性。實驗結(jié)果驗證了推導(dǎo)與分析的正確性。
關(guān)鍵字: 散體介質(zhì)； 體波傳播； 橢球體； 振動助流
by vibration in granular flow field
（College of Resource, Environment and Civil Engineering,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R. China）
Abstract: The flowing granular media was regarded as weak transverse isotropic media, and the phase velocity expressions of P wave, SH wave and SV wave were deduced. The propagation specialities of waves in flowing granular media were analyzed. The wavefront of P wave is elliptic or approximately elliptic, the wavefront of SH wave is elliptic, and the wavefront of SV is not elliptic. In terms of specialties of wave propagation it can be deduced that vibrating waves have less influence on fluidity of granules when the amplitude and frequency are small. However, when the amplitude and frequency increase gradually, the eccentricity of ellipsoid, the viscosity resistance and inner friction among granules and shear intensity of granules decrease, as well as the loosening coefficient of granules increase, so that the granules have better fluidity. The results of experiment have proved the conclusion and analysis.
Key words: granular media; bodily wave propagation; ellipsoid; aided flow by vibration
