廢水中的Cr(Ⅵ)
(西南科技大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，綿陽 621000)
摘 要: 以雙烯基丁二酰亞胺(L113B)作為表面活性劑，磷酸三丁酯(TBP)作為載體，煤油作為稀釋劑，NaOH溶液作為內(nèi)水相，制備W/O/W型雙重乳液，考察乳化攪拌速度、乳化時間、載體和表面活性劑含量、內(nèi)相溶液濃度、萃取時間、油內(nèi)比以及乳水比等因素對該體系穩(wěn)定性及Cr(Ⅵ)萃取率的影響。通過比較不同的破乳方法對乳液回收的影響，對液膜萃取機理進行分析。結(jié)果表明：在1.0 mol/L的硫酸含鉻廢液中，該體系具有良好的穩(wěn)定性，液膜的溶脹率以及破損率明顯降低，Cr(Ⅵ)的萃取率高達99.4%。
關(guān)鍵字: 雙重乳液；鉻；分離；富集
surfactant for separation of Cr(Ⅵ) from waste water
（College of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology,
Mianyang 621000, China）
Abstract:The water in oil in water (W/O/W) double emulsion was prepared using L113B as surfactant, tributyl phosphate (TBP) as extractant, kerosene as diluent and NaOH solution as internal aqueous phase. The effects of various parameters on the stability of emulsion liquid membrane and extraction efficiency of Cr(Ⅵ) were discussed, which include the speed and time of emulsification, extractant and surfactant concentrations, internal phase concentration, extraction time, volume ratio of the membrane phase to internal stripping phase and that of the emulsions to the aqueous external phase. The effects of different demulsification methods on the recovery of emulsion were compared, and the extraction mechanism was studied. The results show that in the 1.0 mol/L sulphuric acid solution, the rates of swelling and breakage of emulsion liquid membrane decline and the extraction efficiency is 99.4%.
Key words: double emulsion; chromium; separation; enrichment
