(北京有色金屬研究總院， 北京100088)
摘 要: 研究了B10、 B30銅鎳合金板材和管材在我國(guó)青島、 舟山、 廈門和榆林4個(gè)海水腐蝕實(shí)驗(yàn)站分別暴露1、 2、 4、 8、 16 a的局部腐蝕規(guī)律。 結(jié)果表明: 全浸區(qū)榆林海域、 舟山海域和青島海域均有一定程度的局部腐蝕， 其中榆林海域因溫度高和海生物附著的共同作用導(dǎo)致銅鎳合金的局部腐蝕最嚴(yán)重； 而廈門海域?qū)︺~鎳合金的局部腐蝕有一定的減緩作用， 使銅鎳合金板材沒有局部腐蝕發(fā)生； 各海域?qū)︺~鎳合金的腐蝕作用基本均以沿晶腐蝕為主， 但程度不同； 暴露16 a， 在廈門海域B30合金的Ni、 Mn和Fe含量比青島海域和榆林海域B30合金的Ni、 Mn和Fe含量高； 提高B30合金的耐蝕性， 是廈門海域的銅鎳合金板材基本不發(fā)生局部腐蝕的內(nèi)在原因。
關(guān)鍵字: 銅鎳合金； 局部腐蝕； 實(shí)海暴露
Cu-Ni alloy in China marine
（ General Research Institute of Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China）
Abstract: Localized corrosion of B10 and B30 Cu alloy plates and tubes in Qingdao marine, Zhoushan marine, Xiamen marine and Yulin marine of China for 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 a was studied. The results indicate there is local corrosion on Cu-Ni alloys in the immersion zone of Yulin marine, Zhoushan marine and Qingdao marine. The specimens in Yulin marine are corroded most seriously due to high temperature and marine-living adhesion. But the seawater of Xiamen inhibits the pitting corrosion of Cu-Ni alloys, so that no pitting corrosion is observed on Cu-Ni alloy plates tested there. There is mainly intergranular corrosion with different extent on Cu-Ni alloys in marine. The contents of Ni, Mn, Fe is higher in Xiamen marine than those in Qingdao marine and Yulin marine, which improves the anti-corrosion of B30 alloy. This is internal reason that Cu-Ni alloy plates has no pitting corrosion in Xiamen marine.
Key words: Cu-Ni alloy; localized corrosion; marine exposition
