( 1. 南昌航空工業(yè)學(xué)院 材料科學(xué)與工程系， 南昌 330034；
2. 北京科技大學(xué) 新金屬材料國家重點實驗室， 北京 100083)
摘 要: 設(shè)計和制備了一種新型的三維網(wǎng)絡(luò)陶瓷(骨架)增強(qiáng)鋁合金復(fù)合材料。 研究了鋁合金及不同成分復(fù)合材料在不同溫度及載荷下的摩擦系數(shù)和磨損率；用掃描電鏡（SEM）觀察其磨損表面，并分析了三維網(wǎng)絡(luò)陶瓷(骨架)對鋁合金磨損機(jī)制的影響。 結(jié)果表明： 復(fù)合材料的耐磨性遠(yuǎn)優(yōu)于鋁合金，而且隨著三維網(wǎng)絡(luò)陶瓷體積分?jǐn)?shù)、 溫度及載荷的增加， 復(fù)合材料的抗磨損性能明顯提高； 這種新型復(fù)合材料的摩擦系數(shù)隨載荷變化保持穩(wěn)定； 在很寬的溫度范圍內(nèi)， 摩擦系數(shù)的穩(wěn)定性均優(yōu)于鋁合金。這是由于三維網(wǎng)絡(luò)陶瓷在磨損表面形成硬的微凸體起承載作用， 其獨特的結(jié)構(gòu)制約了基體合金的塑性變形和高溫軟化， 有利于磨損表面氧化膜的留存。
關(guān)鍵字: 三維網(wǎng)絡(luò)陶瓷(骨架); 鋁基復(fù)合材料; 摩擦磨損性能; 干摩擦磨損
（ 1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Aeronautical Technology, Nanchang 330034, China;
2. State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials,
University of Science and Technology Beijing,
Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract: A new 3D-network ceramics(skeleton) reinforced aluminum alloy composites was designed and fabricated. The dry friction and wear behaviors of aluminum matrix composites were investigated. The friction coefficients and wear rates of the aluminum alloy and composites reinforced with ceramics of different volume fractions were measured at various temperatures and loads. The worn surface morphologies of the aluminum alloy and its composites were observed with a scanning electron microscope, and the effect of the 3D-network ceramics on the wear mechanisms were discussed accordingly. As the results, the composites has much better wear-resistance than the aluminum alloy has. The improvement in the wear-resistance of the composites became more prominent at higher ceramics volume fraction, high temperature, and large normal load. Moreover, the composites registered higher and more stable friction coefficients with increasing normal load. This was more apparent at elevated temperature. It was supposed that the 3D network ceramics was able to support the load applied onto the sliding surface and not only to restrict the plastic deformation and high-temperature softening of the alloy matrix, but also to protect the oxide film(Al2O3) on the worn surface, thus the composites showed greater improvement wear-resistance than the aluminum alloy did.
Key words: 3D-network ceramics(skeleton); aluminum matrix composites; property of friction and wear; dry friction and wear
