(中山大學(xué) 理工學(xué)院物理系， 廣州 510275)
摘 要: 采用小角X射線散射方法， 對以水合肼溶液還原法制備的納米金屬鎳粉的內(nèi)團(tuán)聚進(jìn)行了兩個(gè)方面的表征： 1） 內(nèi)團(tuán)聚的尺寸及其分布和比表面積等微觀參數(shù)的測定； 2） 內(nèi)團(tuán)聚的分形維數(shù)測定。 結(jié)果表明：納米鎳粉顆粒由相互嵌套包含的非均勻內(nèi)團(tuán)聚區(qū)域組成； 這些內(nèi)團(tuán)聚實(shí)為一些離散鎳分布非均勻區(qū)域， 并由此導(dǎo)致局域非均勻電子分布而形成對X射線的小角散射； 內(nèi)團(tuán)聚在1~100nm范圍內(nèi)遵循質(zhì)量生長分形規(guī)律。
關(guān)鍵字: 納米材料； 小角X射線散射；尺度評估； 分形生長
（Department of Physics, Zhongshan University,
Guangzhou 510275, China）
Abstract: Small angle X-ray scattering method was adopted to investigate the cluster microstructure of nano-sized Ni powder. The size of Ni powder and its distribution as well as the specific surface area of clusters within nm-Ni granules were evaluated in a quantitative way as well. The SAXS measurement discloses definitely the existence of characteristic mass fractal patterns within nm-Ni granules, suggesting the feasible behavior of growth fractal during the congregation of numerous clusters. The observation of electronic microscope also implies the appearance of possible mass fractal growth occurring within nm-Ni granules in the size range of 1-100nm.
Key words: nanometer material; small angle X-ray scattering; size evaluation; fractal growth
