( 1. 合肥工業(yè)大學(xué) 摩擦學(xué)研究所， 合肥 230009；
2. 合肥工業(yè)大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，合肥 230009)
摘 要: 采用常規(guī)的粉末冶金方法制備了銅基石墨固體自潤滑復(fù)合材料， 通過基體合金化和改變石墨粒度探討了復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能和在不同溫度條件下的摩擦磨損性能及機(jī)理。 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明： 溫度對銅基石墨固體自潤滑復(fù)合材料的自潤滑性能有較大的影響， 在較高溫度條件下， 銅基石墨固體自潤滑復(fù)合材料的耐磨性主要取決于銅合金基體的強(qiáng)度； 選用合適的石墨粒度和多元基體合金化， 可使銅基石墨固體自潤滑復(fù)合材料在0~500 ℃溫度條件下保持較好的自潤滑特性。
關(guān)鍵字: 銅合金； 石墨； 自潤滑； 溫度； 摩擦； 磨損
Cu-matrix/graphite self-lubricating composite materials
（ 1. Institute of Tribology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China）
Abstract: The Cu-matrix/graphite self-lubricating composite materials were made by conventional powder metallurgy method. The mechanical properties and friction and wear of the composite materials with different alloyed matrixes and different graphite sizes were investigated. The mechanisms of friction and wear were also analyzed. The results show that the temperature greatly affects the self-lubricating properties of the Cu-matrix/graphite composite materials. The wear resistance of the composites depends mainly on the strength of the matrix under higher temperatures. Therefore, the better self-lubricating properties of the composites can be maintained in the temperature range of 0-500 ℃ by choosing appropriate graphite size and alloyed matrix.
Key words: copper alloy; graphite; self-lubricating; temperature; friction; wear
