制備與表征
(中南大學(xué) 粉末冶金國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室, 長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用干粉鋪疊法和熱壓工藝制備了非對(duì)稱(chēng)HA/316L不銹鋼功能梯度生物材料， 并測(cè)定了其相對(duì)密度和抗彎強(qiáng)度， 采用X射線衍射儀、 掃描電鏡、 金相顯微分析技術(shù)等對(duì)材料進(jìn)行了物相和顯微組織分析。 結(jié)果表明： 非對(duì)稱(chēng)HA-316L不銹鋼生物FGM在宏觀上呈現(xiàn)明顯的梯度分布， 微觀上則各成分分布連續(xù)、 均勻， 各梯度層之間沒(méi)有明顯的宏觀界面， 界面結(jié)合緊密； 隨著316L不銹鋼含量的增大， 材料的相對(duì)密度增加，抗彎強(qiáng)度提高， 平均抗彎強(qiáng)度達(dá)450 MPa左右， 體現(xiàn)出FGM的熱應(yīng)力緩和行為；此外， 在生物FGM中， HA和316L不銹鋼兩相在熱壓過(guò)程中發(fā)生了不同程度的固溶，表明HA和316L不銹鋼能夠形成好的結(jié)合。
關(guān)鍵字: 316L不銹鋼；羥基磷灰石； 生物材料； 功能梯度材料； 熱壓
asymmetrical HA/316L SS functionally
gradient biomaterial
CHEN Cheng-yi
（State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: Functionally gradient biomaterial of asymmetrical HA/316L stainless steel was prepared by hot pressing technology. The relative density and bending strength of these functionally gradient biomaterials were determined, and their phase analysis and microstructure were also examined by using X-ray diffractrometry, scanning electron microscope and metallographic analysis technology. The experimental results show that the biological FGM of asymmetrical HA-316L had obvious gradient on the macroscopic, while each component was distributed continuously and evenly. There was no obvious microscopical interface between each gradient layer, and the interface was combined closely. With the increase of the content of the 316L stainless steel, the relative density of the biomaterial was increased, the bending strength was improved, and the average bending strength was about 450 MPa. So that thermal stress relaxation of the FGM could be indicated. In addition, the two phases of HA and 316L stainless steel diffused in each other in some degree during hot pressing, indicating that HA and 316L stainless steel could combine firmly.
Key words: 316L stainless steel powder; hydroxyapatite (HA); biomaterial; functionally gradient material (FGM); hot pressing
