(1. 北京大學(xué) 環(huán)境工程研究所, 北京 100871;
2. 中國(guó)科學(xué)院 過程工程研究所, 北京 100080)
摘 要: 考察了金屬離子Cu2+、 Fe3+和Fe2+等對(duì)鐵閃鋅礦浮選精礦生物浸出的影響，并與無菌條件下對(duì)鐵閃鋅礦浸出的影響進(jìn)行比較。 結(jié)果表明： Cu2+、 Fe3+和Fe2+等金屬離子在一定濃度范圍內(nèi)都可以促進(jìn)鐵閃鋅礦的生物浸出；在無菌條件下， 除Fe2+外， Cu2+和Fe3+離子仍對(duì)鐵閃鋅礦溶解有一定的促進(jìn)作用。 電化學(xué)測(cè)試和X射線衍射分析表明：添加Cu2+和Fe3+等離子將影響鐵閃鋅礦電極發(fā)生的電化學(xué)反應(yīng)和浸渣組成；添加Cu2+離子可取代礦物基質(zhì)晶格中的Zn而生成CuS沉淀， 并與鋅礦產(chǎn)生原電池效應(yīng)而促進(jìn)浸出過程； Fe3+和Fe2+兩種離子強(qiáng)化鐵閃鋅礦生物浸出的機(jī)理本質(zhì)上一致， 均可以提高浸出液中氧化劑濃度和促進(jìn)細(xì)菌生長(zhǎng)與生物活性。
關(guān)鍵字: 鐵閃鋅礦； 金屬離子； 生物浸出； 強(qiáng)化作用
marmatite flotation concentrate by metallic ions
（1. Institute of Environmental Engineering, Peking University,Beijing 100871, China;
2. Institute of Processing Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100080, China）
Abstract: The effects of Cu2+, Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions on the bioleaching of marmatite flotation concentrate were studied and compared with those of the marmatite leaching under the sterile controls. The results show that these metallic ions can accelerate the marmatite dissolution when suitable concentration of metallic ions is added. In the absence of bacterial strains, Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions still improve the dissolution of marmatite to a certain extent except Fe2+ ion. Electrochemical measurements and X-ray diffraction analyses show that the electrochemical reactions occurring on the interface of a marmatite-carbon paste/leach liquor and the compositions of leached residues can be influenced by the addition of Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions. The formed CuS on the surface of mineral substrate by replacing Zn2+ in crystal lattice of mineral substrate with Cu2+ can accelerate the leaching process of marmatite by galvanic effect. The strengthening mechanism of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions on the marmatite bioleaching are consistent in nature with each other, both of them can increase the concentration of oxidant and improve the growth and activity of bacterial strains in leaching liquor.
Key words: marmatite; metallic ions; bioleaching; strengthening action
