( 1. 浙江工業(yè)大學(xué) 化學(xué)工程與材料學(xué)院，杭州 310014；
2. 中南大學(xué) 冶金科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長沙410083)
摘 要: 采用CHI650電化學(xué)工作站測定了在鋅氨絡(luò)合物體系中鋅電沉積的穩(wěn)態(tài)陰極極化曲線及電流—時(shí)間暫態(tài)曲線。結(jié)果表明：鋅的陰極電結(jié)晶過程是以瞬時(shí)成核方式進(jìn)行的，隨外加電位負(fù)移，晶體的向外生長速率增大；添加劑的加入不會(huì)改變鋅陰極電沉積的成核方式，但將大大減小晶體的向外生長速率。通過對不同NH3濃度下測得的陰極極化曲線的分析，可獲得各條件下的平衡電位，以及陰極過程動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)(交換電流密度J0、傳遞系數(shù)α)，進(jìn)而推導(dǎo)出溶液中存在的主要離子為
關(guān)鍵字: 鋅; 氨絡(luò)合物; 電沉積; 陰極過程
solution containing ammonia complex
（ 1. College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science,
Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;
2. College of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University,
Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: The cathodic process of zinc electrowinning in solution containing ammonia complex was studied by cathodic polarization and chronoamperometric method, which were tested with CHI650 electrochemistry lab. The experimental results show that, the electrocrystallization of zinc follows the mechanism of instantaneous nucleation，and the crystal growth rate increases with negative shift of applied potential. No obvious change in nucleation modes is found with the addition of additive, while its growth rate decreases deeply. According to equilibrium potential and dynamic factors, such as exchange current density and transfer coefficient, it is proved that the ion discharging at the cathode directly is Zn(NH3)2+2; while the main species of complex is Zn(NH3)2+4 in the solution.
Key words: zinc; ammonia complex; electrowinning; cathodic process
