(中南大學(xué) 能源科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院， 長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用硫酸銅作電解質(zhì)、 石墨作陽(yáng)極的電解實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)M研究工業(yè)鋁電解槽的陽(yáng)極氣體運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律， 以及氣泡運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)電解質(zhì)運(yùn)動(dòng)影響的規(guī)律。當(dāng)陽(yáng)極傾斜度小于6°時(shí)， 傾角的變化對(duì)速度影響較大， 陽(yáng)極傾斜角的增加會(huì)加速氣泡運(yùn)動(dòng)速度但減小氣泡尺寸； 陽(yáng)極傾斜度達(dá)到6°以上時(shí)， 幾乎不存在氣泡合并現(xiàn)象， 且傾角變化對(duì)氣泡速度的影響變小； 氣泡運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)電解質(zhì)的推動(dòng)作用主要體現(xiàn)在陽(yáng)極底部氣泡所在的薄層內(nèi)，同時(shí)在電解質(zhì)的底部存在回流現(xiàn)象， 但流速甚小， 約為5 mm/s。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁電解； 陽(yáng)極氣泡； 電解質(zhì)流動(dòng)； 冷態(tài)模擬
anode bubble's behavior in aluminum electrolysis cells
（Shool of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University,
Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: A electrolysis experiment using the bluestone solution as electrolyte and graphite as anode was carried out to simulate and research the anode gas's law of movement and its influence to the electrolyte flow. When the gradient of anode is below 6°, the change of it has significant influence to the bubble's velocity. The increase of the gradient will speed the bubble's velocity but decrease the bubble's size. When the gradient of anode is above 6°, the phenomenon of bubbles' combination hardly exists, and the change of the anode's gradient has little influence on the bubble's velocity. The bubbles' impetus function to the electrolyte flow mainly lies in the thin layer of anode bottom where the bubbles are. There are back-flow phenomena in the bottom layer of electrolyte, but the velocity of electrolyte is very small, and the velocity is about 5 mm/s.
Key words: aluminum reduction cell; anode gas; electrolyte flow; normal temperature analogue experiment
