(1. 東北大學(xué) 材料與冶金學(xué)院， 沈陽 110004；
2. 大連交通大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院， 大連 116028)
摘 要: 介紹一種制備超細(xì)晶材料的新技術(shù)——連續(xù)等徑角擠壓， 它將連續(xù)擠壓技術(shù)應(yīng)用于制備超細(xì)晶材料的等徑角擠壓工藝， 解決了傳統(tǒng)等徑角擠壓不能制備大尺寸超細(xì)晶材料的問題， 該技術(shù)對(duì)超細(xì)晶材料的推廣應(yīng)用具有重要意義。 通過DEFORM3D對(duì)銅的連續(xù)等徑角擠壓過程的數(shù)值模擬， 得到變形過程中金屬的流動(dòng)、 應(yīng)變場(chǎng)和溫度場(chǎng)情況， 并對(duì)不同變形速度和摩擦條件下的變形過程進(jìn)行比較， 得到優(yōu)化的工藝參數(shù)， 并以此參數(shù)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明， 連續(xù)等徑角擠壓后銅的硬度明顯上升， 連續(xù)等徑角擠壓3道次后， 硬度趨于飽和； 連續(xù)等徑角擠壓12道次后， 銅的平均晶粒尺寸為400 nm。
關(guān)鍵字: 銅； 連續(xù)等徑角擠壓； 超細(xì)晶； 有限元模擬
（1. School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University,
Shenyang 110004, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University,
Dalian 116028, China）
Abstract: The continuous equal channel angular pressing introduced is a new method to produce ultra-fine grain(UFG) materials, which applies continuous extrusion technology in ECAP technology to manufacture UFG materials and solves the problem that can't manufacture large bulk UFG materials by traditional ECAP. Through simulating continuous ECAP process of copper by DEFORM-3D, the metal flow, strain field and temperature field are obtained. The deformation processes are compared under the conditions of various speeds and different friction factors, the optimum process parameters are obtained. The experiments are performed by optimum process parameters, the results indicate that the hardness increases clearly during the first 2 passes of continuous ECAP, and the hardness is saturated after 2 passes, the grain size of about 400 nm is achieved after 12 passes.
Key words: copper; continuous equal channel angular press; ultra-fine grain; finite element simulation
