(中南大學 資源加工與生物工程學院， 長沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用沉降試驗方法， 以碳酸鈉為分散劑， 有機物HSPA為選擇性絮凝劑， 對一水硬鋁石、 高嶺石、 伊利石和葉蠟石單礦物， 以及實際礦石進行選擇性絮凝分選實驗。 結果表明， HSPA體現(xiàn)出良好的鋁硅分離選擇性。 對鋁硅比為5.68的鋁土礦， 在HSPA用量7 g/t， Na2CO3用量5 kg/t時， 經3次絮凝分離， 可獲得精礦鋁硅比為8.9， 氧化鋁回收率為86.98%的良好指標。 機理測試結果分析表明， HSPA主要通過羧基與礦物表面Al3+活性點形成化學吸附， 并通過氫鍵形成橋鍵作用。
關鍵字: 一水硬鋁石； 鋁土礦； 選擇性絮凝； 絮凝劑； 化學吸附
（School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: The flocculation tests of diaspore, kaolinite, illite, pyrophyllite and bauxite ore were carried out by the sedimentation. The sodium carbonate and an organic flocculant HSPA were used as dispersant and flocculant, respectively. The results show that HSPA has a good selectivity for the flocculation separation of diasporic-bauxite. The concentrate with Al/Si 8.9 and the recovery of Al2O3 86.98% were obtained after triple sedimentation on the bauxite ore with Al/Si 5.68 by using sodium carbonate 5 kg/t and HSPA 7 g/t. The mechanism study shows that there is chemical absorption between HSPA and active Al3+ sites on the surface of the diaspore with carboxyl. At the same time, bridge-bonds of macromolecule are formed by hydrogen bond.
Key words: diaspore; bauxite; selective flocculation; flocculant; chemical absorption
