的應用和分析
( 1. 西安理工大學 機械與精密儀器工程學院，西安 710049；
2. 河南科技大學 材料科學與工程學院， 洛陽 471039;
3. 洛陽銅加工集團公司 質(zhì)量檢測中心, 洛陽 471000)
摘 要: 提出一種轉動結構檢測精密銅合金板帶殘余應力的方法， 應用有限元法作了結構分析和優(yōu)化， 并利用梁彎曲產(chǎn)生的已知殘余應力分布對轉動結構的測試結果進行了驗證， 兩者吻合較好。 結果表明， 轉動結構的靈敏度為0.48 μm/10-6， EDM批量加工后， 靈敏度的誤差小于4.2%。 應用該方法對C194銅合金板帶(600 mm×230 μm)的軋向殘余應力進行測試， 結果表明： 在距板帶中心200 mm范圍內(nèi)呈現(xiàn)小幅波動((27.4±3.3) MPa)， 在邊緣處變?yōu)閴簯Γ?檢測結果與實際板形分析結果相吻合。 與常規(guī)殘余應力檢測方法相比, 采用轉動結構更加精確和便捷， 并提高了檢測效率。
關鍵字: 殘余應力； 轉動結構； 銅合金板帶
（1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology,
Xi'an 710049, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471039, China;
3. Quality Testing Center, Luoyang Copper (Group) Co. Ltd.,
Luoyang 471000, China）
Abstract: A rotating structure for residual stress measurement in thin cold-rolled strip of copper alloy was introduced. The measurement sensitivity of the rotating structures was analyzed and optimized by finite element method (FEM). A experimental validation of the rotating structure was carried out on a plastically bent beam with known residual stress distribution, and as a consequence, the results are well consistent with results from FEM. The average sensitivity of the structures manufactured by EDM is 0.48 μm/10-6 and its deflection is less than 4.2%. The measurement results on C194 strip (600 mm×230 μm) indicate that there exist tensile residual stresses((27.4±3.3) MPa) in the area of 200 mm away from strip-center and compressive in strip edges. The rotating structure has the unique advantage of high resolution and easy-performance compared with common techniques.
Key words: residual stress; rotating structure; copper-alloy strip
