(1. 北京有色金屬研究總院 能源材料與技術(shù)研究所，北京 100088;
2. 東北大學(xué) 材料與冶金學(xué)院，沈陽 110004)
摘 要: 利用熔體轉(zhuǎn)移發(fā)泡法制備不同基體成分不同密度的閉孔泡沫鋁，從能量吸收能力、能量吸收效率以及能量吸收圖等方面對其動(dòng)態(tài)吸能性能進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果顯示：無論是Al基還是Al-6Si基的閉孔泡沫鋁，能量吸收能力隨應(yīng)變的增加而增大，且隨相對密度的增加，能量吸收能力先增加后減小；能量吸收效率的變化具有明顯的緩慢增加、趨于平緩和緩慢減小的特征；隨著應(yīng)力的增加，閉孔泡沫鋁單位體積的吸能能力先快速提高，達(dá)到一定值后上升趨勢減緩，出現(xiàn)明顯的肩；對應(yīng)此密度的閉孔泡沫鋁可以提供最大容許應(yīng)力σp，且隨著相對密度的減小，最大容許應(yīng)力σp逐漸減小；相同密度Al基和Al-6Si基的閉孔泡沫鋁能量吸收能力相比，前者的要大一些，但Al-6Si基閉孔泡沫鋁的吸能效率要比Al基閉孔泡沫鋁的吸能效率高，且最高吸能效率比較穩(wěn)定持久。
關(guān)鍵字: 閉孔泡沫鋁；動(dòng)態(tài)吸能；相對密度；能量吸收；效率
（1. Centre of Energy Material and Technology, Beijing General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China;
2. School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China）
Abstract:The closed-cell aluminum foam (CCAF) with Al matrix and Al-6Si matrix was prepared by the method of molten body transitional foaming process, the dynamic energy absorption property was discussed from the energy absorption capability, energy absorption efficiency and energy absorption picture. The results show that for both Al matrix and Al-6Si matrix CCAF, the energy absorption capability increases with the increase of strain. And the energy absorption capability firstly increases, then decreases with the increase of relative density. The energy absorption efficiency first slowly increase, then tends to gentle, finally slowly decrease. With the increase of stress, the energy absorption capability for unit volume first rises quickly, then the trend becomes slow after it reaches a certain value and appear a obvious shoulder. The biggest allowable stress (σp) is provided by CCAF, and with the decrease of relative density, the biggest allowable stress (σp) also decreases. The energy absorption capability of the former of Al matrix is bigger than that of Al-6Si matrix with the same relative density, but the energy absorption efficiency of Al-6Si matrix CCAF is bigger than that of Al matrix CCAF, and the biggest energy absorption efficiency is steady and lasting.
Key words: closed-cell aluminum foam (CCAF); dynamic energy absorption; relative density; energy absorption; efficiency
