((中南大學(xué) 冶金科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083))
摘 要: 基于數(shù)字圖像處理與分析技術(shù)，提出一種可取代目測(cè)這種定性評(píng)價(jià)泡沫鋁中泡體均勻性的定量表征方法。泡沫鋁中泡體均勻性的定量表征主要包括如下3個(gè)步驟：首先通過表面修飾使泡沫鋁截面上的孔洞同孔筋之間產(chǎn)生適當(dāng)?shù)姆床睿瑫r(shí)獲取泡沫鋁樣品截面照片；然后用圖像處理軟件Photoshop將截面照片轉(zhuǎn)化成灰度圖，并用大型科學(xué)計(jì)算軟件Matlab、選取適當(dāng)?shù)拈y值將所獲得的灰度圖二值化，得到黑白化圖像；最后利用圖像分析軟件進(jìn)行相關(guān)參數(shù)的計(jì)算。結(jié)果表明：該泡沫鋁中泡體均勻性的定量表征結(jié)果與感觀分析基本一致；另外，該方法還可以用來計(jì)算泡沫鋁的面孔隙率，用該方法計(jì)算的泡沫鋁面孔隙率與測(cè)試出的體孔隙率之間的誤差約為4%。
關(guān)鍵字: 泡沫鋁；泡體；均勻性；定量表征；孔隙率
（(School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)）
Abstract:A quantitative characterization method instead of qualitative ocular estimate about uniformity of cells in aluminum foams was put forward based on the digital image processing and analysis technology. This method includes three steps as follows: firstly intercept specially the section of aluminum foams with suitable contrast between the pores and cell wells by superficial treatment, and acquire the section photographs. Then convert the section photographs to gray images by using image processing software—Photoshop, and transform the gray images into binary images by scientific computing software – Matlab with suitable threshold values. Finally calculate the corresponding using the image analysis software. The results show that the calculated uniformity is basically coincident with the observational result. In addition, this method can be also used to analyze the planar porosity, and the error between the planar porosity calculated and volume porosity measured is approximately 4%.
Key words: aluminum foam; cells; uniformity; quantitative characterization; porosity
