(湖南大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長沙 410082)
摘 要:
采用二次熱壓和真空浸漬工藝制備樹脂基受電弓滑板試樣。并模擬滑板正常運行條件進行室內(nèi)載流磨損實驗，通過SEM和EDS分別對滑板磨損表面及其磨屑、截面形貌和滑板元素成分進行分析。結(jié)果表明，在載流磨損過程中，隨電流密度和滑行速度的增加滑板的磨損率逐漸增大；硅油能有效地抑制滑板/銅在周期性接觸-分離條件下產(chǎn)生的交流電弧，未浸漬處理滑板的磨損率比經(jīng)真空浸漬處理的大1.6~2.1倍；滑板/銅載流磨損機理主要為電弧侵蝕磨損和氧化磨損的交互作用，同時伴隨著粘著磨損；在電弧作用下，硅油受熱氣化和發(fā)生熱分解吸收部分電弧熱，有利于弧隙熄弧。
關(guān)鍵字: 電弧侵蝕；磨損機理；滑板；熄弧原理；浸漬
（College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China）
Abstract:The resin-matrix pantograph contact strip (RMPCS) was prepared by using hot re-pressing and vacuum-impregnation process. The tribological behaviors with electrical current of RMPCS against copper were measured under the indoor simulated conditions of normal running conditions. The characteristics of worn surfaces, wear debris, cross-section and typical elemental distributions of RMPCS were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion spectrometer (EDS), respectively. The results show that the wear rate of RMPCS increases with increasing sliding speed and electrical current density. The silicon oil can effectively inhibit the alternating current arc of RMPCS against copper, which is produced periodically between the separating or contacting course. The wear rate of RMPCS against copper without impregnating technology is about 1.6−2.1 times higher than the value with vacuum impregnating technology. The main wear mechanism of RMPCS against copper is arc erosion wear and oxidative wear, which is accompanied by adhesive wear during electrical sliding wear process. Silicon oil has evaporation and thermal decomposition under the stress of electric arc, which can absorb part of arc heat and is beneficial to arc extinguishing.
Key words: arc erosion; wear mechanism; contact strip; arc extinguishing theory; impregnation
