(1. 蘭州交通大學(xué) 土木工程學(xué)院，蘭州 730070；2. 蘭州交通大學(xué) 機(jī)電工程學(xué)院，蘭州 730070)
摘 要: 以紫銅−低碳鋼爆炸焊接復(fù)合板材為研究對(duì)象，采用等截面均勻梁模型，建立狄拉克δ函數(shù)的自由振型數(shù)學(xué)方程。模擬計(jì)算復(fù)合材料界面的應(yīng)力場(chǎng)分布情況，得到了不同爆炸焊接參數(shù)下的界面應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的數(shù)值大小及分布形式，發(fā)現(xiàn)了碰撞點(diǎn)應(yīng)力場(chǎng)分布規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明：爆炸焊接在碰撞點(diǎn)處形成較為強(qiáng)大的沖擊壓力，相應(yīng)地在碰撞點(diǎn)兩側(cè)出現(xiàn)了負(fù)壓，為復(fù)板材料侵入基板提供了有利條件，該計(jì)算模型可以很好地解釋波狀界面的成形機(jī)理。同時(shí)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與采用所建立數(shù)值模型的計(jì)算結(jié)果十分吻合，焊接試件界面波紋的質(zhì)量受碰撞角β和炸藥爆速vd的影響較大。通過(guò)選擇合理的爆炸焊接參數(shù)，以適當(dāng)?shù)臄?shù)值計(jì)算方法作為指導(dǎo)，就可以獲得良好的爆炸焊接試件。
關(guān)鍵字: 爆炸焊接；計(jì)算模型；實(shí)驗(yàn)分析；應(yīng)力場(chǎng)；數(shù)值計(jì)算
（1. School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070, China;2. College of Mechanical-Electronics Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070, China）
Abstract:Using the beam of uniform cross section mode, the mathematics function of Dirac δ function natural mode for a red copper and mild steel plate was established to calculate stress distributing field case of multiplicity material interface and stress distributing field. The results show that distributing regular of stress field in impingement point, supper collision force in impingement range, and approaching negative pressure will correspondingly outbreak. The advantage condition can be supplied to the interface mathematics of upset plate invading base plate interface, and this numerical simulation calculation mode can be used to answer undulating invade mechanics of plates interface. It is also uniformly approximated to the test result, and the calculation analysis of different explosive welding parameters used in the calculation model indicates that the impingement angle β and detonation velocity vd have important contribution to the interface corrugation of welding sample. The better explosive welding sample will be obtained on explosive welding parameter of proper access by using the optimum numerical simulation calculation method.
Key words: explosive welding; calculation model; experimental analysis; stress field; numerical calculation
