(1. 東北大學 理學院，沈陽 110004；2. 東北大學 材料與冶金學院，沈陽 1100043. 中國鋁業(yè)股份有限公司 山西分公司，河津 043300)
摘 要: 研究由羧酸鹽類陰離子表面活性劑與聚氧乙烯型非離子表面活性劑復配的油溶性添加劑對鋁酸鈉溶液種分分解率和產物Al(OH)3粒度的影響，并對該添加劑影響鋁酸鈉溶液晶種分解過程的相關機理進行探討。結果表明，當添加劑中羧酸鹽類表面活性劑的含量為60%(質量分數)、添加量75 mg/L時，相對空白試樣，添加劑可提高鋁酸鈉溶液種分分解率2.5%左右，產物中粒徑大于45 μm的Al(OH)3顆粒的含量增加約7%(質量分數)，且粒度分布主要集中在50~70 μm區(qū)域；對產物粒度分布進行數學擬合計算，得出加入添加劑后單位質量Al(OH)3顆粒的總表面積增加約2%，表明在保證不增加粒徑小于45 μm的Al(OH)3顆粒含量的前提下，通過加入添加劑提高鋁酸鈉溶液種分分解率在理論上是可行的。
關鍵字: 表面活性劑；鋁酸鈉溶液；分解率；粒度；表面積
（1. School of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China;2. School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China;3. Shanxi Aluminum Co Ltd, China Aluminum Co Ltd, Hejin 043300, China）
Abstract:Abstract: The effect of oil-soluble additive composed of carboxylate anionic surfactant and polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant in different proportions on the seed precipitation from sodium aluminate solution was studied, and the corresponding mechanism was investigated. The results show that when the content of anionic surfactant is 60% (mass fraction) and the additive concentration in sodium aluminate solution is 75 mg/L, the precipitation ratio is improved by about 2.5%, the content of Al(OH)3 with particle size above 45 µm increases by about 7% (mass fraction), and the granularity distribution of Al(OH)3 centralizes at 50−70 µm. The result of mathematics fit on the granularity distribution of Al(OH)3 indicates that the total surface area of Al(OH)3 increases by about 2%, which makes the precipitation ratio improve in theory under the condition that the content of Al(OH)3 with particle size below 45 µm does not increase.
Key words: surfactant; sodium aluminate solution; precipitation ratio; granularity; surface area
