(中南大學 粉末冶金國家重點實驗室，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用溶膠−水熱反應法，通過添加適量的硫化鈉結晶體誘導制備了微/納米氧化鎢晶須。利用掃描電鏡觀察氧化鎢樣品的形貌特征，并對氧化鎢晶須進行能譜測試，用X射線衍射儀對氧化鎢樣品進行物相分析和晶面測定，用透射電鏡觀察微/納米氧化鎢晶須/線的生長特征。結果表明：未添加硫酸鈉時，在180 ℃水熱反應12~36 h只能得到氧化鎢顆粒粉末，而添加適量硫化鈉后，可制備出直徑為0.2~0.3 μm、長徑比為5~50的氧化鎢晶須和直徑為10~30 nm、長徑比為50~200的氧化鎢納米線；氧化鎢納米線晶體結構良好，物相為六方晶系WO3；微/納米氧化鎢晶須/線主要沿〈200〉，〈002〉，〈202〉和〈100〉方向定向生長。
關鍵字: 氧化鎢；晶須；納米線；溶膠−水熱反應
micro/nano tungsten oxide whiskers
（State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University,
Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: Micro/nano tungsten oxide whiskers were synthesized by sodium sulfate crystalline additions and solution colloid-hydrothermal reaction method. The tungsten oxide was studied by scanning electronic microscopy(SEM), the energy spectrum of tungsten oxide whiskers were measured by EDAX analytic system, and the phase composition and crystal plane of tungsten oxide were surveyed by X-ray diffractometry. The growing characteristic of micro/nano tungsten oxide whiskers/wires was tested by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that only tungsten oxide grains are formed without sodium sulfate additions, while tungsten oxide whiskers with 0.2−0.3 μm in diameter and aspect ratio of 5-50 or tungsten oxide nanowires with 10−30 nm in diameter and aspect ratio of 50−200 are synthesized by some sodium sulfate additions on conditions at 180 ℃ for 12−36 h. The phase composition of tungsten oxide whiskers is hexagonal tungsten trioxide. The whiskers/nanowires grow oriently through 〈200〉, 〈002〉, 〈202〉and〈100〉.
Key words: tungsten oxide; whiskers; nanowires; solution colloid-hydrothermal reaction
