(中南大學(xué) 粉末冶金國家重點實驗室，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 以炭纖維針刺整體氈為預(yù)制體，用化學(xué)氣相滲透(CVI)、浸漬/炭化(I/C)的方法制備密度和基體炭不同的C/C多孔坯體，采用真空熔滲將熔融Cu滲入到C/C坯體中制備C/C-Cu復(fù)合材料，利用X射線衍射、金相顯微鏡和掃描電鏡分析復(fù)合材料的組織結(jié)構(gòu)，研究復(fù)合材料的摩擦磨損性能。結(jié)果表明：Cu成功地滲入C/C坯體中，并填充了坯體的孔洞和炭纖維之間的孔隙，復(fù)合材料的主要相為Cu、C及少量的TiC相，當滲劑中Ti的質(zhì)量分數(shù)達到15％時，出現(xiàn)微量的Cu和Ti的金屬化合物相；復(fù)合材料的摩擦因數(shù)隨著摩擦?xí)r間的增加而逐漸增加并趨于穩(wěn)定。滲劑相同時，摩擦因數(shù)和體積磨損量隨著材料密度增加而增加；坯體相同時，隨著滲劑中Ti含量增加，摩擦因數(shù)增加，體積磨損減小。隨著外加載荷的增加，摩擦因數(shù)和體積磨損先增后減，80 N載荷時均達到最大值；與J204電刷對比，同樣條件下，兩者摩擦因數(shù)接近，但C/C-Cu復(fù)合材料的體積磨損量遠遠小于J204電刷的。
關(guān)鍵字: C/C-Cu復(fù)合材料；C/C坯體；熔滲Cu；顯微組織；摩擦磨損性能
C/C-Cu composites fabricated by
infiltrating molten Cu into C/C preforms
（State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University,
Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:C/C-Cu composites were fabricated by infiltrating molten Cu into different C/C preforms that were prepared by chemical vapor infiltration(CVI), resin impregnation and carbonization (I/C). The microstructure and the friction and wear behavior of the composites were studied by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy wear test using 40Cr steel as couple parts respectively. The results show that the main phases in the composites are Cu, C and a little of TiC. When the mass fraction of Ti reaches 15%, there exist a few metal compounds of Cu and Ti in infiltrating agents. With prolonging the wear test time, the friction coefficients of the composites increase and tend to stable eventually; with the increase of the C/C-Cu composites density, the friction coefficients and the bulk wear loss of the composites increase at the same infiltrating agents. With the increase of Ti content in the agents, the friction coefficients increase, while the bulk wear loss decreases. With the increase of test loads, the friction coefficients and the bulk wear loss increase at first and then decrease and get to maximum under 80 N. Compared with electrics brush material J204, the composite has similar friction coefficient but the bulk wear loss of the composite is much lower.
Key words: C/C-Cu composites; C/C performs; molten copper infiltration; microstructure; friction and wear behaviour
